Dragon Ball Z Characters

Son Gokuu

Son Gokuu is the primary hero of the Dragon Ball series. The series started out with Gokuu as a child of age 12. Once he grew up and his son was born, the TV series' name changed from Dragonball to Dragonball Z. At the end of the series, Gokuu was roughly 45 years old.
Gokuu is a Saiyan-jin whose native world is the planet Vejiita. He was sent to Earth in a space capsule right after he was born so he could conquer the planet. However, he hit his head and lost his "programming," thus becoming the kinder, gentler Gokuu we see in the series. Gokuu was raised as a human on Earth, and did not learn of his true nature until his brother Raditz came to Earth...
Later, when Gokuu's rage was awakened by witnessing the death of his friend Kuririn, his Super Saiyan-jin power was awakened. When he goes Super-Saiyan-jin his eyes turn green and his hair gold. Currently, Gokuu can go to the 3rd stage of Super-Saiyan-jin power.

Son Gohan

Son Gohan is Gokuu's first son. At the end of the series he was 26 years old but in this picture he is 9. For a short while after the second time Gokuu died in the series, Gohan became the primary character. Gohan is the most powerful non-fused character in the DBZ world, but lacks the love of fighting his father has and thus rarely uses his full strength.
Gohan is a very good-natured boy and unlike his father, hates fighting, although for a while he was more powerful. He is very polite towards just about everyone except to his enemies, and when he's pissed off. Gohan is very bright and studies very hard, although this is somewhat due to the wishes of his very strict mother...
Gohan is the first character in the series to have gone Super Saiyan-jin-2, during the Cell Game; the power of his anger was kindled by watching his friends get beaten up, and the death of Artificial Human #16 sent him over the edge. It was roughly at this time that the series switched main characters from Gokuu to Gohan.

 

Piccolo

Piccolo is Gokuu's old rival. He was born after Gokuu killed his father when he was a kid; in his last breath the old Piccolo spat out an egg, and the new Piccolo hatched. Piccolo then went on to fight Gokuu in the final round of the Tenkaichi-Budokai, which he subsequently lost by a very close margin.
Piccolo is a native of the planet Namek, although he doesn't learn this for quite some time after his first appearance. As a Namek, he can regenerate almost any part of his body lost. (usually the arms) He can also extend the range of his arms till they're really long. Later, he goes to Namek to help Kuririn, Gokuu, Gohan, and Vejiita fight Freezer.
After the Tenkaichi-Budokai, Piccolo becomes more and more of a "good guy." Eventually he becomes Gokuu's friend; fairly recently he got pissed off at Trunks and Goten for calling Gokuu weak. Once one of the most powerful characters in the series, he has sort of reached a "middle ground," neither weak nor strong among the Z fighters.

 

Vejiita

Vejiita is the "bad guy among the good guys." He first made his appearance back when Gohan was 4. Although he fights alongside the other Z fighters, he is still decidedly evil. As the prince of the Saiyan-jins, he is very proud, has a huge ego, and is constantly trying to prove that he is the best fighter in the universe.
Vejiita has a continual rivalry with Gokuu, or "Kakarot," (Gokuu's Saiyan-jin name) and is obsessed with beating him in combat just to show that he is the stronger. This obsession with trying to be stronger than Gokuu proves to be a fairly large weakness as well.
Despite his efforts to show otherwise, Vejiita has changed and has developed a conscience, and deep down cares about his friends. Furthermore, he is also somewhat emotional at heart. He demonstrates this when dealing with his son Trunks, most notably just before he died trying to kill Majin-Buu. Although he pretends to hate Gokuu with a passion in reality he respects his power and maybe even likes him a bit.

Trunks

Trunks is Vejiita's son. In his future, all of the Z fighters were killed by the Artificial Humans, except for Gokuu, who died of heart disease. Trunks travels 20 years back in time to give medicine to Gokuu so he can survive this disease and defeat the Artificial Humans. Trunks' returning in time alters the past in other ways which can be seen later.
After giving the medicine to Gokuu, Trunks goes back to his own time, but returns again three years later to help the Z fighters battle the Artificial humans. During this time, he becomes extremely powerful and surpasses every other one of the Z fighters except for Gohan and (maybe) Gokuu.
The Trunks here, "Future Trunks" and the "current Trunks" are radically different characters. "Future Trunks" is very polite like Gohan and has very strong values, but the current "Chibi Trunks" has a bad attitude and is somewhat like his father. Chibi Trunks never truly reaches the power level of his future counterpart; possibly because he lived through mostly peaceful times, whereas Future Trunks did not.